In recent days, the disaster caused by rainstorm in Henan has worried the hearts of the people all over the country. Today, the typhoon “fireworks” is still making waves, and Beijing has entered the main flood season on July 20.
The frequent patronage of rainfall and the environment of high temperature and humidity provide convenience for the reproduction and transmission of pathogenic microorganisms of intestinal infectious diseases. After rainstorm and flood disasters, infectious diarrhea, cholera, typhoid and paratyphoid, hepatitis A, hepatitis E, hand, foot and mouth disease and other intestinal infectious diseases are easy to spread, as well as food poisoning, water-borne diseases, acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, dermatitis and other diseases.
Beijing CDC, 120 Beijing Emergency Center and other departments have issued tips on extreme weather health and risk avoidance in flood season. In addition, we listen to what doctors say about how to prevent and deal with diseases caused by rain.
Diarrhea is a common disease, but diarrhea after heavy rain is not that simple. Prolonged failure to heal may cause malnutrition, vitamin deficiency, anemia, decreased body resistance, and serious harm to health. Especially high temperature and humidity in flood season. What if you have stomach trouble?
Liu Baiwei, the physician in charge of the local Institute of infectious diseases of the Beijing CDC, and Gu Huali, the attending physician of Beijing Tongren Hospital, give you some advice.
Taking antibiotics for diarrhea is counterproductive
Fasting and water prohibition are not advocated when diarrhea occurs. Patients should eat light and digestible liquid or semi liquid food, and gradually transition to normal diet after symptoms improve. If diarrhea is not serious, the symptoms can be improved within 2 to 3 days by adjusting diet, rest and symptomatic treatment.
However, those with severe diarrhea, especially those with dehydration symptoms, should go to the intestinal clinic of the hospital in time. Dehydration is a common complication of diarrhea, manifested as thirst, oliguria, dry and wrinkled skin and sunken eyes; In order to prevent dehydration, you should drink more sugar and salt water, and you’d better buy “oral rehydration salt” at the drugstore; Patients who have dehydration or serious vomiting and cannot drink water need to go to the hospital and take intravenous rehydration and other treatment measures according to the doctor’s advice.
It is worth mentioning that many patients are anxious to take antibiotics as soon as they have diarrhea symptoms, which is wrong. Because most diarrhea does not need antibiotic treatment, the abuse of antibiotics may also lead to the imbalance of normal intestinal flora, which is not conducive to the recovery of diarrhea. If you are not sure whether you should use antibiotics, you should still listen to your doctor’s diagnostic advice.
In addition, patients who go to the intestinal outpatient clinic can keep fresh stool samples in clean small boxes or fresh-keeping bags and send them to the hospital for testing in time, so that doctors can treat them targeted.
Tummy trouble is not simple and proper treatment of infectious diseases
Because many diarrhea are infectious, it is difficult for non professionals to judge whether a case of diarrhea is infectious. We suggest that all diarrhea encountered in life should be treated as infectious diseases, especially for families with infants or the elderly, and daily cleaning and disinfection should be done well.
Experts suggest that in order to prevent diarrhea from making waves in the family, we must first do a good job in home hygiene and disinfect the tableware, toilet, bedding and other items that may be contaminated by the patient’s feces and vomit; Disinfection measures include boiling, soaking in chlorinated disinfectant, exposure to the sun, ultraviolet radiation, etc. Secondly, we should pay attention to the personal protection of nurses. After nursing patients, we need flowing water and soap to clean hands according to the seven step washing technique. Finally, after the patient accidentally touches feces or vomit, he should also wash his hands carefully to prevent the pathogen from polluting other objects through his hands.
Do these, acute diarrhea detour
In many cases, diarrhea can be prevented through simple personal hygiene and food safety measures.
Pay attention to the sanitation of drinking water. High temperature can kill pathogenic microorganisms. Drinking water should be boiled before drinking, or use hygienic barreled water and bottled water.
Pay attention to food hygiene and separate raw and cooked food to avoid cross contamination; Leftover food should be stored in the refrigerator in time, and the storage time should not be too long. It needs to be heated thoroughly before eating again; Because the low temperature of the refrigerator can only delay the growth of bacteria, not sterilize. Try to eat less food easy to bring pathogenic bacteria, such as screws, shells, crabs and other aquatic and seafood. When eating, cook and steam thoroughly. Do not eat raw, half raw, soaked in wine, vinegar or salted directly; All kinds of sauce products or cooked meat products should be reheated before eating; Vinegar and garlic can be added to cold dishes.
Cultivate good eating habits, pay attention to hand hygiene, wash hands often, and wash hands before and after meals; Do not overeat or eat rotten or deteriorated food. Clean raw food and try to reduce the intake of raw and cold food; For families with pets, we must do a good job in pet hygiene. At the same time, we should warn children not to feed their pets while eating.
Minimize contact with patients with diarrhea. Tableware, toilets and bedding used by patients should be disinfected to avoid the spread and prevalence of diseases.
Improve immunity, adjust diet structure, balance diet, reasonable nutrition and improve body immunity. Strengthen physical exercise, enhance the ability to resist diseases, and pay attention to the combination of work and rest. According to climate change, increase or decrease clothes in time to avoid catching a cold.
Ventilation, clothes, quilts and appliances should be washed and changed frequently. Pay attention to room ventilation and keep indoor air fresh. Ventilation is an effective way to reduce pathogenic microorganisms.
Post time: Jul-27-2021